The Nigeria Civil Aviation Authority (NCAA) has noted with concern the comments made by Distinguished Senator Orji Uzor Kalu on the floor of the Senate regarding alleged inadequacies in pilot preparation, claims of substance use among flight crew, and supposed lapses in the Authority’s oversight responsibilities.
The NCAA in a statement signed by the Director General, Capt. Chris Najomo stated that while the Authority holds the Distinguished Senator and the National Assembly in the highest esteem, it is necessary to provide factual clarifications in the public interest.
Najomo explained that contrary to the impression created, the Nigeria Civil Aviation Authority maintains a rigorous and internationally recognized system for certifying and monitoring the medical and professional fitness of all pilots operating in Nigeria.
The DG said no pilot is permitted to operate a Nigerian-registered aircraft without holding both a valid pilot licence and a current medical certificate, as required by the Nigeria Civil Aviation Regulations (Nig. CARs) Part 8.4.1.4.
According to the DG, holders of Commercial Pilot Licences (CPL) and Airline Transport Pilot Licences (ATPL) are, by the provisions of Nig. CARs 2.3.5.1 and 2.3.7.1, required to possess a Class 1 Medical Certificate before they are allowed to operate.
Najomo noted that these medical certificates are issued only after comprehensive aero-medical evaluations by NCAA Authorized Aviation Medical Examiners (AAMEs) followed by approval of the medical report by NCAA’s in-house aero-medical assessors.
He said: “The scope of these examinations is extensive. It covers cardiovascular, neurological, psychological, metabolic, respiratory, and visual assessments to ensure that the pilot is fit to operate an aircraft safely. Nig. CARs Part 2.11.2.6(b) details the physical and mental requirements that must be met before a medical certificate is issued.
The regulation makes it clear that an applicant must not suffer from any disease or condition that could suddenly render them unable to perform flight duties safely. It also screens for the use of psychoactive substances, mental or behavioural disorders, abnormal blood pressure, heart or lung diseases, neurological disorders, and other physiological conditions that could affect safe performance”.
Najomo explained further that medical certificates are valid for twelve months for pilots under 40 years of age and six months for those aged 40 and above, while at the expiration of the periods, pilots must undergo a new series of medical tests before their certificates can be renewed.
In addition to this, Najomo added that the Nig. CARs Part 8.5.1.5 explicitly prohibits any crew member from acting as a flight crew member within eight hours after consuming alcohol, while under the influence of alcohol, or while using any psychoactive substance that could affect alertness, judgement, or performance.
In accordance with this regulation, NCAA carries out on-the-spot alcohol or drug testing when there is reasonable suspicion of intoxication. It further authorizes random and unannounced testing for crew members and allows the results of such tests to be used as legal evidence, the DG said.
He pointed out that beyond the medical certification process, NCAA inspectors conduct daily ramp inspections at airports across the country, stressing that these inspections are not limited to aircraft alone; they include direct engagement with flight crew.
During these inspections, he said inspectors verify crew licences, medical certificates, and general fitness for duty as any irregularity is immediately addressed, and appropriate enforcement action is taken in line with the Authority’s zero-tolerance policy for safety violations.
Najomo noted that only recently, in August 2025, the NCAA suspended the licence of a ValueJet pilot for initiating departure procedures without proper clearance, an example that underscores the Authority’s uncompromising commitment to safety and discipline.
In his words: “It is therefore inaccurate to suggest that pilots operate under the influence of substances or without adequate checks. The processes in place are not only thorough but also consistent with global standards prescribed by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO).
Nigeria’s aviation oversight
system has consistently met ICAO audit requirements under the Universal Safety Oversight Audit Programme (USOAP), placing the country among those maintaining effective safety supervision systems”.
Najomo continued that : “With regard to the Senator’s comments suggesting that modern airplanes take off and land automatically, the Authority wishes to clarify that while many modern aircraft are equipped with advanced autopilot and autoland systems, these systems do not replace pilot control.
Take-offs are entirely manual operations carried out by the flight crew.
Autopilot functions are only activated after take-off, usually when the aircraft reaches a safe altitude”.
He maintained that although some aircraft have autoland capabilities, these are used only under specific weather and airport conditions and always under pilot supervision.
He said Nigeria does not currently have any airport certified for Category III (CAT III) operations, which are required for fully automatic landings in low-visibility conditions.
He noted that all landings within Nigerian airspace are manually executed by pilots.
The DG said the NCAA remains proud of its safety oversight record and the professionalism of Nigerian flight crew, adding that the Authority continues to uphold the highest standards of safety through continuous inspections, random substance testing, enforcement actions, and strict adherence to ICAO provisions.
He reiterated that the NCAA safety of air transport operations in Nigeria remains paramount and uncompromised. Najomo maintained that the Authority has never and will never tolerate any act that endangers public confidence in the aviation system.
Najomo emphasised that the concerns expressed by the Senator Kalu are duly noted; but however, do not reflect the factual state of regulatory practice in the Nigerian aviation sector.
He said the NCAA remains open to constructive engagement with the National Assembly and all stakeholders to strengthen the safety, security, integrity, and global reputation of Nigeria’s air transport industry.
